成人高考2022年高起點《英語》高頻詞匯(四)
成人高考2022年高起點《英語》高頻詞匯(四)
一、“every”(每一個)只作為定語使用,即必須在其后加上單數可數名詞構成名詞短語,它不可與everyone(每一個)混淆。everyone相當于名詞,它不可修飾其他名詞,只作主語或賓語
1)Every[A]knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated,but how manyrealize that they were once[C]homes for the indigent and the friendless[D]?
2)Everyone[A]child in the United States mustreceive[C]some form of educational instruction[D].
例題解析
1)A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分,應在其后加上person或改為everyone.
2)A錯。改為Every,修飾child.
二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數名詞和可數名詞,可作為代詞(如much of)和形容詞使用
3)Food seasoning plays an important[A]role in the cookingcustoms of much[C]cultures in[D]the world.
4)The general sales tax has been[A]a major source of income for state governments,muchof which derive more than half[C]of their budgets from[D]it.
5)Data received from[A]two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidencethat huge thunderstorms are now occurring[C]around the equator[D]of the planet Saturn.
例題解析
3)C錯。應改為of many,因為被修飾詞cultures為可數名詞,故其修飾語應用many,而much要修飾不可數名詞。
4)B錯。應改用many,因此處所指代的是可數名詞governments(復數),many在本句中為代詞,作非限定性定語從句的主語。
5)B錯。應改為much evidence,因為evidence(證據,跡象)為不可數名詞,故應用much來修飾。
三、“some”和“any”是表示不定數量的代詞,相當于漢語的“一些”,作定語可修飾可數名詞復數或不可數名詞,其中some(包括它的合成詞something,someone,somebody)多用于肯定句,而any(包括它的合成詞anything,anyone,anybody)則用于疑問句和否定句中,其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”;形容詞修飾something,someone,somebody,anything,anyone,anybody,nothing,nobody時,形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊
6)Historians[A]have never reached some generalagreement about[C]the precise causes of the[D]Civil War in the United States.
例題解析
6)B錯。應為any general,因為本句為否定句(否定副詞never),應該用any,此處表示“(沒有達成過)任何共識”。
四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思,可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語,其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數可數名詞,后者修飾單復數名詞和不可數名詞,二者不能相互混淆
7)Lizards lack[A]the built?in body temperature controlmany another[C]creatures possess[D].
8)Some bacterium are extremely[A]harmful,but anothersare regularly[C]used in producing cheeses,crackers,and many other foods[D].
9)Like[A]most anotherart forms,the Greek tragedy had[C]its origins in religious[D]observances.
例題解析
7)C錯。應改用other來修飾可數復數名詞creatures.本句是一個省略了關系代詞that(或which)的定語從句,control為名詞作主句中及物動詞(謂語)lack的賓語,同時又受其后面定語從句的修飾。
8)B錯。改為others.
9)B錯。改為other.
五、one與other“one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物,它前邊加the;“other”作代詞修飾復數名詞。“one…another”表示“一個…另一個”的意思,或表示多個(三者以上)之中的“另一個”,“又一個”;“one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個,又一個”
10)I‘d like to[A]buy a coat similarto one[C]you are wearing[D].
11)Though[A]Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slightvision in another[C],he became[D]an internationally renowned jazz musician.
一、表示人的物主代詞用my,our,your,his,her和their,指無生命的東西用its(但指國家時一般用she或her),它們在句中作定語
二、名詞型物主代詞能作表語(It‘s theirs)、主語(Mine is there)、賓語(I don’t like hers),與of連用可以作定語(the food of theirs)。
三、同步練習
1)A scientist bases its[A]work on hypotheses thathave been checked[C]through careful[D]experimentation.
2)Crude rubber is an[A]elastic(有彈性的)solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率)of 1.591,though itcomposition varies with different latexes(橡漿)as well as[C]with the way it is prepared[D]at the plantation.
3)Manufacturers[A]of consumer goodsoften change[C]the styles of them[D]products.
四、例題解析
1)A錯。改為his.
2)B錯。改為its.
3)D錯。改為their.
1.be not much of(=not a good)不是很好的…be something of有點…,像…
2.name after用…的名字命名
3.native to所產的
4.by nature天生的,生來
5.in mature本質上
6.(be)in the nature of屬…性質
7.none other that不是別人,正是…
8.above normal高于正常(溫度)
9.for nothing(=free,without payment)免費
10.nothing but只有,不過…而已
11.to say nothing of(=not to mention)更不用說…
12.do sth.at short notice只給很少時間準備
13.until further notice在另行通知前
14.take notice of(=pay attention)注意
15.object to(=be opposed to)反對
16.objection to(接動名詞)反對
17.on occasion(=now and then)不時地,必要時
18.by occasion of(=because of)由于
19.occupy oneself with(in)忙于(某事)
20.it occurs to sb.that…某人想到…
21.once and for all=once and forever永遠地all at once(=suddenly,now)立即,馬上once in a while(=occasionally)偶爾(just)for once就這一次
22.(all)by oneself獨自(沒有別人幫助)
23.operate on sb.給某人做手術operation n.come go into operation開始運轉putbring sth.into operation使…投產,運轉
24.be of the opinion持有…的看法
25.in one's opinion按某人的看法
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